Temporal trends in adolescent sport participation in the south-east of France from 2001 to 2019

Abstract Background Adolescents playing sport are more likely to reach the recommended levels of physical activity. In 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2019, four successive French national plans were launched to “develop physical and sports activity and limit sedentary living”. Monitoring sport participation rates (SPR) is one of the essential components to evaluate these plans. To date, information on temporal trends in SPR has mainly come from the national population. However, due to sample size, it was impossible to measure trends among adolescents on the territory level. Given the various economic and geographical disparities between territories, it is likely that territory specific trends exist. The main objective of this study was to measure temporal trends in adolescent SPR in the third biggest French department (South-East of France). Methods Four retrospective studies were conducted in high-schools between March and April 2001, 2008, 2015 and 2019 (n = 4367). A quota sampling design was used to obtain geographically and socially representative samples. They were invited to report their sex, their socioeconomic status (SES) and their sport participation. A sports player was defined as an adolescent playing sport for at least one hour a week. SPR were calculated by sex and SES with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results A decline in SPR, from 79.0% (95% CI = 76.4-81.7) to 64.5% (95% CI = 61.7-67.3), accompanied with a growth of social inequalities, were observed. SPR of low-SES adolescents declined from 67.7% (95% CI = 61.1-74.3) to 42.6% (95% CI = 36.7-48.4). SPR also declined from 72.5% (95% CI = 66.2-78.8) to 69.9% (95% CI = 64.5-75.3) for high-SES girls, from 87.2% (95% CI = 82.5-92.0) to 65.2% (95% CI = 59.6-70.9) for low-SES boys and from 91.0% (95% CI = 87.0-95.0) to 83.0% (95% CI = 78.5-87.4) for high-SES boys. Conclusions Temporal trends in adolescent SPR in this territory are in decline since 2001. Governmental plans to improve SPR seems to have had a limited success in this territory. Key messages Weekly sport participation is declining among adolescents in the South-East of France. Social inequality in weekly sport participation are increasing over time.


Background:
Adolescents playing sport are more likely to reach the recommended levels of physical activity. In 2001In , 2006In , 2011 and 2019, four successive French national plans were launched to ''develop physical and sports activity and limit sedentary living''. Monitoring sport participation rates (SPR) is one of the essential components to evaluate these plans. To date, information on temporal trends in SPR has mainly come from the national population. However, due to sample size, it was impossible to measure trends among adolescents on the territory level. Given the various economic and geographical disparities between territories, it is likely that territory specific trends exist. The main objective of this study was to measure temporal trends in adolescent SPR in the third biggest French department (South-East of France).

Methods:
Four retrospective studies were conducted in high-schools between March and April 2001, 2008, 2015and 2019. A quota sampling design was used to obtain geographically and socially representative samples. They were invited to report their sex, their socioeconomic status (SES) and their sport participation. A sports player was defined as an adolescent playing sport for at least one hour a week. SPR were calculated by sex and SES with 95% confidence interval (95% CI).

Conclusions:
Temporal trends in adolescent SPR in this territory are in decline since 2001. Governmental plans to improve SPR seems to have had a limited success in this territory. Key messages: Weekly sport participation is declining among adolescents in the South-East of France. Social inequality in weekly sport participation are increasing over time.

Introduction:
Salmonella enterica (S.) is one of the most common agents of foodborne infections and a risk for children, elder people and immunocompromised patients. S. is the first cause of foodborne outbreaks in the EU, the majority being caused by S. Enteritidis. We report S. serovars prevalence and trends in clinical isolates in central Italy from 2015 to 2021. Methods: S. strains of patients from Lazio and Tuscany regions isolated by hospitals and private laboratories were sent to the Regional Reference Centre for Pathogenic Enterobacteria (CREP) at IZSLT (Rome) for serotyping. All metadata and a selection of isolates were shared with ISS according to the National Surveillance Enter-Net Italia program.

Results:
A total of 2395 strains were collected from 2015 to 2021, with a mean value of 342 strains per year. Notably, reported cases did not decrease during the pandemic in 2020. A total of 116 different serovars were identified. The most common ones were S. Typhimurium var. monophasic, which increased from 2015 to 2021, S. Enteritidis, which peaked in 2018 doubling its average, and S. Typhimurium with a reverse trend compared to the monophasic variant, followed by S. Infantis, S. Napoli and S. Derby. Afterwards, S. Brandenburg showed a constant increase (from 2 cases in 2015 to 18 cases in 2021). S. Strathcona showed a significant peak during 2019 with 23 cases, correlated to a European reported outbreak. The average age of patients was stable (mean 28.5, median 12.8), except for an increase in 2021 (mean 35.2, median 27).

Conclusions:
The results show a substantial agreement between data collected in central Italy and national trends. The occurrence of cases per year is stable. The serovars prevalence does not agree with the prevalence found in EU, in particular